Publications
​All publications by lab members and their colleagues, with student lab members' names highlighted in bold.
FORTHCOMING
2025
  1. Trofimovich, P., & Beaulieu, S. (2025). The social evaluation of second language speech. In C. A. Chapelle (Ed.), The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics. Wiley.
  2. Trofimovich, P., Bodea, A., McDonough, K., & Sato, M. (2025). Exploring the linguistic signature of interpersonal liking in second language interaction. System, 129, Article 103565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103565
  3. Zheng, C., Trofimovich, P., Lindberg, R., McDonough, K., & Sato, M. (2025). Do they like me? Exploring the role of metaperception in L1–L2 speaker interaction. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 47(1), 80–103. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263124000469
2024
  1. Bodea, A., & Trofimovich, P. (2024). “Transported into like another space”: Second language learners’ perspectives of their experience of flow. The Language Learning Journal, 52(6), 710–722. https://doi.org/10.1080/09571736.2023.2249001
  2. Kennedy, S., Trofimovich, P., Lindberg, R., & Tekin, O. (2024). Visual cues to speakers’ religious affiliation and listeners’ understanding of second language French speech. Languages, 9(5), Article 154. https://doi.org/10.3390/languages9050154
  3. Kim, Y. L., Liu, C., Trofimovich, P., & McDonough, K. (2024). Is nonverbal behavior during conversation related to perceived fluency? TESOL Journal, Article e795. Advance Online Publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesj.795
  4. Le, T.-N. N., Trofimovich, P., McDonough, K., & Sato, M. (2024). Interpersonal liking, cultural belonging, and heritage language: Exploring the role of metaperception in interaction between heritage speakers of Vietnamese. Frontiers in Communication, 9, Article 1468943. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2024.1468943
  5. Le, T.-N. N., & Trofimovich, P. (2024). Exploring socio-political dimensions of heritage language maintenance: The case of Vietnamese speakers in Montréal. Canadian Modern Language Review, 80(1), 22–49. https://doi.org/10.3138/cmlr-2022-0078
  6. Lindberg, R., Stotz, Q., Ammar, A., & McDonough, K. (2024). L’écriture collaborative dans des cours de français langue seconde : un résumé de trois études. La Revue de AQEFLS, 36(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.7202/1108569ar
  7. ​Liu, C., McDonough, K., Trofimovich, P., & Uludag, P. (2024). Verbal and nonverbal disagreement in an ELF academic discussion task. Applied Linguistics Review, 15(1), 119–134. https://doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2021-0043
  8. McDonough, K., Lindberg, R., Kim, Y. L., & Trofimovich, P. (2024). Raising business communication students’ awareness of nonverbal features of interaction. Language Awareness, 33(2), 224-239. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658416.2023.2195666
  9. McDonough, K., Trofimovich, P., Tekin, O., & Sato, M. (2022). Exploring linguistic stereotyping of international students at a Canadian university. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 45(9), 3632–3647. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2022.2115049​ [article pdf]
  10. O'Brien, M. G., Teló, C., & Trofimovich, P. (2024, September). How accent bias can impact a person’s job prospects. The Conversation. 
  11. O’Brien, M. G., Le, T.-N. N., Bodea, A., Trofimovich, P., & Shimada, M. (2024). Accent bias training in undergraduate human resource management education. Business and Professional Communication Quarterly. Advance Online Publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/23294906231226212
  12. Tekin, O., & Trofimovich, P. (2024). Local residents’ attitudes toward and contact with international students: A perspective from Montreal, Quebec. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, Article 1484985. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1484985
  13. Teló, C., Silveira, R., Marcelino, A. F. B., & O'Brien, M. G. (2024). Accent bias in professional evaluations: A conceptual replication study in Brazil. Applied Linguistics, 45(6), 1010–1029. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amae042
  14. Teló, C., Trofimovich, P., O'Brien, M. G., Le, T.-N. N., & Bodea, A. (2024). Beyond the resume: HR students’ evaluations of interview performances by first and second language speakers. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal. Published online 27 August 2024. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-10-2023-0335 [article pdf]
  15. Trofimovich, P., Bodea, A., Le, T.-N. N., O’Brien, M. G., Shimada, M., & Teló, C. (2024). What do students in human resource management know about accent bias? Language Awareness, 33(3), 447–467. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658416.2023.2179630
  16. Trofimovich, P., Tekin, O., & Lindberg, R. (2024). Listening and comprehensibility. In E. Wagner, A. O. Batty, & E. Galaczi (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of second language acquisition and listening (pp. 201–211). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003219552-17
  17. Tsunemoto, A., & Trofimovich, P. (2024). Coherence and comprehensibility in second language speakers’ academic speaking performance. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 46(3), 795–817. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263124000305
  18. ​Zheng, C., Trofimovich, P., Lindberg, R., McDonough, K., & Sato, M. (2024). Do they like me? Exploring the role of metaperception in L1–L2 speaker interaction. Studies in Second Language Acquisition. Published online 11 November 2024. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263124000469​
2023
  1. ​​Abashidze, D., Schmidt, A., Trofimovich, P., & Mercier, J. (2023). Integration of visual context in early and late bilingual language processing: Evidence from eye-tracking. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, Article 1113688. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1113688
  2. Bodea, A., Le, T.-N. N., Trofimovich, P., O’Brien, M. G., Teló, C., & Shimada, M. (2023, February). Votre accent étranger pourrait-il nuire à votre embauche? [Could your foreign accent affect your hiring?] La revue Gestion. https://www.revuegestion.ca/votre-accent-etranger-pourrait-il-nuire-a-votre-embauche
  3. ​​Lindberg, R., & Trofimovich, P. (2023). When accent does not match expectations: A dynamic perspective of L2 speaker evaluations in a French interview context. Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 26(2), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.37213/cjal.2023.33052 [article pdf]
  4. Lindberg, R., McDonough, K., & Trofimovich, P. (2023). Second language anxiety in conversation and its relationship with speakers’ perceptions of the interaction and their social networks. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 45(5), 1413–1426. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263122000523
  5. McDonough, K., Lindberg, R., Trofimovich, P., & Tekin, O. (2023). The visual signature of non-understanding: A systematic replication of McDonough, Trofimovich, Lu, and Abashidze (2019). Language Teaching, 56(1), 113–127. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444821000197
  6. McDonough, K., Johnson, C., & Neumann, H. (2023). The role of source use in the evaluation of business essay exams. In R. Wette (Ed.), Teaching and learning source-based writing: Current perspectives and future directions (pp. 189-202). Routledge.
  7. McDonough, K., Liu, C., & Trofimovich, P. (2023). Strategies for avoiding misunderstanding in English L2 conversations. ELT Journal, 77(4), 426–434. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccad025
  8. Nagle, C., Trofimovich, P., Tekin, O., & McDonough, K. (2023). Framing second language comprehensibility: Do interlocutors’ ratings predict their perceived communicative experience? Applied Psycholinguistics, 44(1), 131–156. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716423000073
  9. Tekin, O., & Trofimovich, P. (2023). En français or in English? Examining perceived social roles of international students in response to their French and English speech. Canadian Modern Language Review, 79(3), 204–227. https://doi.org/10.3138/cmlr-2022-0037 [article pdf]
  10. Teló, C., O’Brien, M. G., Trofimovich, P., Bodea, A., Le, T.-N. N., & Shimada, M. (2023, January). How HR professionals respond to second language accents. Talent Canada. https://www.talentcanada.ca/how-hr-professionals-respond-to-second-language-accents
  11. Trofimovich, P., Lindberg, R., Bodea, A., Le, T.-N. N., Zheng, C., & McDonough, K. (2023). I don’t think you like me: Examining metaperceptions of interpersonal liking in second language academic interaction. Languages, 8, Article 200. https://doi.org/10.3390/languages8030200 [article pdf]
  12. Tsunemoto, A., McAndrews, M., Trofimovich, P., & Friginal, E. (2022). Listener perceptions of customer service agents’ performance: Do comprehensibility, accentedness, and fluency matter? Journal of Second Language Pronunciation, 9(2), 234–262. https://doi.org/10.1075/jslp.21027.tsu [article pdf]
  13. Tsunemoto, A., & Trofimovich, P. (2023). Pre- and in-service teachers’ beliefs about second language pronunciation teaching, their experience, and speech assessments. System, 118, Article 103125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2023.103125 [article pdf] [article pdf]
  14. Tsunemoto, A., Trofimovich, P., & Kennedy, S. (2023). Pre-service teachers’ beliefs about second language pronunciation teaching, their experience, and speech assessments. Language Teaching Research, 27(1), 115–136. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168820937273
  15. Tsunemoto, A., Uludag, P., McDonough, K., & Isaacs, T. (2023). Exploring the relationship between L2 English listeners’ perceived fluency ratings and temporal speech measures. JALT Journal, 45(1), 107-121. https://doi.org/10.37546/JALTJJ45.1-5
  16. Uchihara, T., Webb, S., Saito, K., & Trofimovich, P. (2023). Frequency of exposure influences accentedness and comprehensibility in learners’ pronunciation of second language words. Language Learning, 73(1), 84–125. https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12517
2022
  1. Abashidze, D., Schmidt, A., Trofimovich, P., & Mercier, J. (2023). Integration of visual context in early and late bilingual language processing: Evidence from eye-tracking. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, Article 1113688. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1113688
  2. Bodea, A., Le, T.-N. N., Trofimovich, P., O’Brien, M. G., Teló, C., & Shimada, M. (2023, February). Votre accent étranger pourrait-il nuire à votre embauche? [Could your foreign accent affect your hiring?] La revue Gestion. https://www.revuegestion.ca/votre-accent-etranger-pourrait-il-nuire-a-votre-embauche
  3. ​​Lindberg, R., & Trofimovich, P. (2023). When accent does not match expectations: A dynamic perspective of L2 speaker evaluations in a French interview context. Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 26(2), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.37213/cjal.2023.33052 [article pdf]
  4. Lindberg, R., McDonough, K., & Trofimovich, P. (2023). Second language anxiety in conversation and its relationship with speakers’ perceptions of the interaction and their social networks. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 45(5), 1413–1426. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263122000523
  5. McDonough, K., Lindberg, R., Trofimovich, P., & Tekin, O. (2023). The visual signature of non-understanding: A systematic replication of McDonough, Trofimovich, Lu, and Abashidze (2019). Language Teaching, 56(1), 113–127. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444821000197
  6. McDonough, K., Johnson, C., & Neumann, H. (2023). The role of source use in the evaluation of business essay exams. In R. Wette (Ed.), Teaching and learning source-based writing: Current perspectives and future directions (pp. 189-202). Routledge.
  7. McDonough, K., Liu, C., & Trofimovich, P. (2023). Strategies for avoiding misunderstanding in English L2 conversations. ELT Journal, 77(4), 426–434. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccad025
  8. Nagle, C., Trofimovich, P., Tekin, O., & McDonough, K. (2023). Framing second language comprehensibility: Do interlocutors’ ratings predict their perceived communicative experience? Applied Psycholinguistics, 44(1), 131–156. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716423000073
  9. Tekin, O., & Trofimovich, P. (2023). En français or in English? Examining perceived social roles of international students in response to their French and English speech. Canadian Modern Language Review, 79(3), 204–227. https://doi.org/10.3138/cmlr-2022-0037 [article pdf]
  10. Teló, C., O’Brien, M. G., Trofimovich, P., Bodea, A., Le, T.-N. N., & Shimada, M. (2023, January). How HR professionals respond to second language accents. Talent Canada. https://www.talentcanada.ca/how-hr-professionals-respond-to-second-language-accents
  11. Trofimovich, P., Lindberg, R., Bodea, A., Le, T.-N. N., Zheng, C., & McDonough, K. (2023). I don’t think you like me: Examining metaperceptions of interpersonal liking in second language academic interaction. Languages, 8, Article 200. https://doi.org/10.3390/languages8030200 [article pdf]
  12. Tsunemoto, A., McAndrews, M., Trofimovich, P., & Friginal, E. (2022). Listener perceptions of customer service agents’ performance: Do comprehensibility, accentedness, and fluency matter? Journal of Second Language Pronunciation, 9(2), 234–262. https://doi.org/10.1075/jslp.21027.tsu [article pdf]
  13. Tsunemoto, A., & Trofimovich, P. (2023). Pre- and in-service teachers’ beliefs about second language pronunciation teaching, their experience, and speech assessments. System, 118, Article 103125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2023.103125 [article pdf] [article pdf]
  14. Tsunemoto, A., Trofimovich, P., & Kennedy, S. (2023). Pre-service teachers’ beliefs about second language pronunciation teaching, their experience, and speech assessments. Language Teaching Research, 27(1), 115–136. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168820937273
  15. Tsunemoto, A., Uludag, P., McDonough, K., & Isaacs, T. (2023). Exploring the relationship between L2 English listeners’ perceived fluency ratings and temporal speech measures. JALT Journal, 45(1), 107-121. https://doi.org/10.37546/JALTJJ45.1-5
  16. Uchihara, T., Webb, S., Saito, K., & Trofimovich, P. (2023). Frequency of exposure influences accentedness and comprehensibility in learners’ pronunciation of second language words. Language Learning, 73(1), 84–125. https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12517

2021
  1. Crawford, W., & McDonough, K. (2021). Introduction to the corpus of collaborative oral tasks. In W. Crawford (Ed.), Multiple perspectives on learner interaction: The corpus of collaborative oral tasks (pp. 7-16). Mouton De Gruyter.  
  2. Han, Y., & McDonough, K. (2021). Motivation as individual differences and as task conditions: Their effects on L2 Korean complexity, accuracy, fluency and lexical dysfluency. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 15, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2019.1652614
  3. Lindberg, R., McDonough, K., & Trofimovich, P. (2021). Investigating verbal and nonverbal indicators of physiological response during second language interaction. Applied Psycholinguistics, 42, 1403–1425. https://doi.org/10.1017/S014271642100028X
  4. McDonough, K., & De Vleeschauwer, J. (2021). A cross-sectional comparison of first and second year Thai EFL student writing: Syntactic, phrasal, and lexical features. rEFLections, 28, 19-32. https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/reflections/article/view/250257
  5. ​McDonough, K., Uludag, P., & Neumann, H. (2021). Instructor evaluation of business student writing: Does language play a role? Business and Professional Communications Quarterly, 84, 116-134. https://doi.org/10.1177/23294906211012398
  6. McDonough, K., & Uludag, P. (2021). Individual and shared assessment of ESL students’ paired oral test performance: Examining rater judgments and lexico-grammatical features. In W. Crawford (Ed.), Multiple perspectives on learner interaction: The corpus of collaborative oral tasks (pp. 69-90). Mouton De Gruyter.  
  7. ​​Tsunemoto, A., & McDonough, K. (2021). Exploring Japanese EFL learners' attitudes toward English pronunciation and its relationship to perceived accentedness. Language and Speech, 64, 24-34.  https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830919900372
  8. Trofimovich, P., Tekin, O., & McDonough, K. (2021). Task engagement and comprehensibility in interaction: Moving from what second language speakers say to what they do. Journal of Second Language Pronunciation, 7, 435–461. https://doi.org/10.1075/jslp.21006.tro
  9. ​​Uludag, P., Crawford, W., & McDonough, K. (2021). EAP students’ use of reporting verbs in argumentative and cause-and-effect essay exams. BC TEAL Journal, 6, 42-58. https://doi.org/10.14288/bctj.v6i1.388
  10. Uludag, P., McDonough, K., & Payant, C. (2021). Does prewriting planning positively impact English L2 students’ integrated writing performance? Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 24, 166-185.​ https://doi.org/10.37213/cjal.2021.31313​
2020
  1. Kartchava, E., Gatbonton, E., Ammar, A., & Trofimovich, P. (2020). Oral corrective feedback: Pre-service English as a second language teachers’ beliefs and practices. Language Teaching Research, 24, 220–249. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168818787546
  2. Lindberg, R., & Trofimovich, P. (2020). Second language learners’ attitudes towards French varieties: The roles of learning experiences and social networks. The Modern Language Journal, 104, 822–841. https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12674
  3. McDonough, K., & Crawford, W. (2020). Identifying effective writing tasks for use in EFL write to learn language contexts. The Language Learning Journal, 48, 469-480. https://doi.org/10.1080/09571736.2018.1465990
  4. McDonough, K., & Hernández González, T. (2020). Collaboration before writing: Exploring how student talk contributes to English L2 written narratives. rEFLections, 27, 62-80. https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/reflections/article/view/241791
  5. McDonough, K., Trofimovich, P., Lu, L., & Abashidze, D. (2020). Visual cues during interaction: Are recasts different from noncorrective repetition? Second Language Research, 36, 359–370. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267658320914962
  6. McDonough, K., Trofimovich, P., Dao, P., & Abashidze, D. (2020). Eye gaze and L2 speakers’ responses to recasts: A systematic replication study of McDonough, Crowther, Kielstra, and Trofimovich (2015). Language Teaching, 53, 81–95. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444818000368
  7. McDonough, K., Uludag, P., & Neumann, H. (2020). Morphological development in EAP student writing. TESOL Quarterly, 54, 1065-1076. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.608
  8. Neumann, H., Leu, S., McDonough, K., & Crawford, B. (2020). Improving students’ source integration skills: Does a focus on reading comprehension and vocabulary development work? Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 48, Article 100909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2020.100909
  9. Neumann, H., Leu, S., McDonough, K., Gil, L., & Crawford, B. (2020). Does the quality of source notes matter? An exploratory study of source-based academic writing. TESL Canada Journal, 37, 1-21. https://teslcanadajournal.ca/index.php/tesl/article/view/1405
  10. Saito, K., Trofimovich, P., Abe, M., & In’nami, Y. (2020). Dunning-Kruger effect in second language speech learning: How does self perception align with other perception over time? Learning and Individual Differences, 79, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2020.101849
  11. Sato, M., & McDonough, K. (2020). Predicting L2 learners’ noticing of L2 errors: Proficiency, language analytical ability, and interaction mindset. System, 93, Article 102301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2020.102301
  12. Taylor Reid, K., O’Brien, M. G., Trofimovich, P., & Tsunemoto, A. (2020). Exploring the stability of second language speech ratings through task practice in bilinguals’ two languages. Journal of Monolingual and Bilingual Speech, 2, 315–329. https://doi.org/10.1558/jmbs.17714
  13. Taylor Reid, K., O’Brien, M., Trofimovich, P., & Bajt, A. (2020). Testing the malleability of teachers’ judgments of second language speech. Journal of Second Language Pronunciation, 6, 236–264. https://doi.org/10.1075/jslp.19015.tay
  14. Trofimovich, P., & Turuševa, L. (2020). Language attitudes and ethnic identity: Examining listener perceptions of Latvian-Russian bilingual speakers. Journal of Language, Identity, and Education, 19, 9–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2019.1696682
  15. Trofimovich, P., Nagle, C. L., O’Brien, M. G., Kennedy, S., Taylor Reid, K., & Strachan, L. (2020). Second language comprehensibility as a dynamic construct. Journal of Second Language Pronunciation, 6, 430–457. https://doi.org/10.1075/jslp.20003.tro
2019
  1. Appel, R., Trofimovich, P., Saito, K., Isaacs, T., & Webb, S. (2019). Lexical aspects of comprehensibility and nativeness from the perspective of native-speaking English raters. ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 170, 24–52. https://doi.org/10.1075/itl.17026.app
  2. Allaw, E., & McDonough, K. (2019). The effect of task sequencing on second language written lexical complexity, accuracy, and fluency. System, 85, Article 102104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2019.06.008
  3. Crawford, W., McDonough, K., & Brun-Mercer, N. (2019). Identifying linguistic markers of collaboration in L2 peer interaction: A lexico-grammatical approach. TESOL Quarterly, 53, 180-207. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.477
  4. Kennedy, S., & Trofimovich, P. (2019). Comprehensibility: A useful tool to explore listener understanding. Canadian Modern Language Review, 75, 275–284. https://doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.2019-0280
  5. McDonough, K., & De Vleeschauwer, J. (2019). Comparing the effect of collaborative and individual prewriting on EFL learners' writing development. Journal of Second Language Writing, 44, 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2019.04.003
  6. McDonough, K., & Sato, M. (2019). Promoting EFL students’ accuracy and fluency through interactive practice tasks. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 9, 379-395. https://pressto.amu.edu.pl/index.php/ssllt/article/view/11827
  7. McDonough, K., De Vleeschauwer, J., & Crawford, W. (2019). Exploring the benefits of collaborative prewriting in a Thai EFL context. Language Teaching Research, 23, 685-701. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168818773525
  8. McDonough, K., & Hernández González, T. (2019). Collaborative prewriting discussions and ESL students’ vocabulary development: LREs and depth of engagement. In M. Sato & S. Loewen (Eds.), Evidence-based second language pedagogy (pp. 105-122). Routledge. 
  9. McDonough, K., Trofimovich, P., Lu, L., & Abashidze, D. (2019). The occurrence and perception of listener visual cues during nonunderstanding episodes. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 41, 1151–1165. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263119000238
  10. Nagle, C., Trofimovich, P., & Bergeron, A. (2019). Toward a dynamic view of second language comprehensibility. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 41, 647–672. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263119000044
  11. Neumann, H., Leu, S., & McDonough, K. (2019). L2 writers’ use of outside sources and the related challenges. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 38, 106-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2019.02.002
  12. Neumann, H., Padden, N., & McDonough, K. (2019). Beyond English language proficiency scores: Understanding the academic performance of international undergraduate students during the first year of study. Higher Education Research and Development, 38, 324-338. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2018.1522621
  13. Payant, C., McDonough, K., Uludag, P., & Lindberg, R. (2019). Predicting integrated writing task performance: Source comprehension, prewriting planning, and individual differences. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 40, 87-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2019.06.001
  14. Sato, M., & McDonough, K. (2019). Practice is important but how about its quality? Contextualized practice in the classroom. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 41, 999-1026. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263119000159
  15. Strachan, L., & Trofimovich, P. (2019). Now you hear it, now you don’t: Perception of English regular past –ed in naturalistic input. Canadian Modern Language Review, 75, 84–104. https://doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.2017-0082
  16. Strachan, L., Kennedy, S., & Trofimovich, P. (2019). Second language speakers’ awareness of their own comprehensibility: Examining task repetition and self-assessment. Journal of Second Language Pronunciation, 5, 347–373. https://doi.org/10.1075/jslp.18008.str 
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